In Africa, the United Nations was assisting the former Italian colonies of Libya, Eritrea and Somaliland to achieve independence. Through the Trusteeship System and the Charter provisions relating to other Non-Self-Governing Territories, the United Nations offered the Administering Powers and the peoples under their jurisdiction the best opportunity for peaceful progress towards co-operation for mutual welfare.

In September 1950, the Eritreans case was submitted to the General Assembly of the U.N., the general assembly chose a temporary committee to study the case. The representative of Eritrea were invited to submit their views. The Soviet Union  PROPOSED INDEPENDENCE, but the Great Britain and the United States REJECTED IT.

The United States proposed Eritrea be federated with Ethiopia under the protection of the Ethiopian crown. Ibrahim Sultan and Woldeab Woldemariam who represented the Independence Block rejected the American proposal.

Both submitted strong warning by stating Eritreans do not allow their country to be wiped out of the world map, and will not be yoked with their old enemy, Ethiopia. They called for an absolute Eritrean independence.

By resolution 289 A (IV), adopted at the fourth session on Nov 17 1950, the General Assembly, among other things, established the UN Commission for Eritrea to ascertain more fully the wishes of the inhabitants of Eritrea and the means of promoting their future welfare.

The Commission was to prepare a report and to submit proposals, so that the matter might be considered by the General Assembly at its fifth session.

The Interim Committee of the General Assembly was asked to consider the Commission's report and to submit its conclusions to the fifth session of the Assembly.

When the commission finished the report, it came to three opposing conclusions.
Pakistan and Guatemala proposed independence. Burma And South Africa proposed federation with Ethiopia. Norway proposed the highlands, Semhar, and the Dankalia to be United with Ethiopia, and the lowlands should remain under British control but later, by a plebiscite, be joined with the Sudan or Ethiopia.

Ibrahim Sultan gave the following prophetic words at the U.N.: “Even from ancient times, Eritrea was never under the control of Ethiopia. Did not the popular uprisings start against them [Ethiopians] so that the country [Eritrea] would not be under their control? If you comprehend the evidence submitted, are you contemplating to join Eritrea in a Federation with the historical enemy? Why are we being denied the same natural right of nations to be independent? Why are we being denied the same rights bestowed upon Libya & Somalia? If a wrong decision is going to be taken, for all of the forced steps we take to oppose the decision, fight for our rights, gain our freedom, safe guard our survival, the members of this committee will be responsible for any unrest or turmoil that erupts in east Africa”

The paragraph above predicts the genocide that will ensue on 180,000+ Eritreans in 39 years by 2 Ethiopian regimes, these evil acts caused the Eritrean People to fight for the liberation of Eritrea in 1961 & this would last 30 years, and claim over 60,000+ Eritrean Fighters.

On December 2, 1950, the General Assembly of the UN adopted the Federal Agreement that was proposed by the United States, the Great Britain and it’s followers.

Based on what was submitted, 46 countries voted for the Federation and 10 opposed it
The decision stated Eritrea will have its domestic independence and internal government, but would be united with Ethiopia through a Federal Arrangement.

A Federal Arrangement usually takes place between two or more equal countries, and it is done through a free-will decision of the parties.

The countries that accept the Federal Arrangement set up a common foreign, defense, economic, and other structures that would enhance their common goals. They administer their internal affairs. In the Eritrean case, the opposite plan was decided.

It was not decided that Eritrea be an independent and free country, but to be yoked under the Ethiopian crown, which was a deformed type of arrangement.

Before the implantation of the Federal Arrangement, Dr. Eduardo Anze Matienzo of Bolivia  was designated as the UN commissioner for Eritrea, by the UN General Assembly & was given the task of drafting a Constitution for Eritrea in consultation with the groups concerned.

“The groups concerned”... the Government of Ethiopia, the inhabitants of Eritrea, the local officials of the Administering Authority & the United Kingdom  set up the first election for the Eritrean Assembly.

According to revealed secret documents, the then US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, famously declared that the Federal Arrangement was planned to maintain American interest by ignoring Eritrean justice.

Mr. Dulles said the following “From the point of view of justice the opinions of the Eritrean people must receive consideration. Nevertheless, the strategic interest of the United States in the Red Seas basin and considerations of security and world peace make it necessary that the country [Eritrea] has to be linked with our ally, Ethiopia”.

In September 1952 the constitution was ratified by Emperor Haile Selassie.
He cut a tape on the boundary between Eritrea and Ethiopia on 3rd October 1952, to establish the federation, but he wasn’t finished yet.

The Genocidal Emperor was so determined that Eritrea would be fully incorporated into Ethiopia, that he made Amharic the official language in place of Arabic and Tigrinya, ended the use of the Eritrean flag, imposed censorship, and moved businesses and nice things out of Eritrea.